Understanding functional incontinence and how to manage it
When we talk about urinary incontinence, we tend to think of an overactive bladder or age-related issues. Yet, one bladder problem that flies under the radar but still affects large numbers of people is functional incontinence.
Unlike other types, functional incontinence is less about a dysfunctional bladder, but rather the external challenges stopping someone from reaching a toilet in time, such as motor struggles.
In this guide, we'll delve into the nuances of functional incontinence, as well as how to manage and navigate the day-to-day challenges it presents.
- What causes functional incontinence?
- What are the symptoms of incontinence?
- What are some tips for living well with functional incontinence?
What causes functional incontinence?
Unlike issues arising from bladder irritation or weakened pelvic floor muscles with typical urinary incontinence, the challenges of functional incontinence stem from non-physiological factors. Those with mental disabilities, for example, may struggle to recognize the urge or may not be able to get to the toilet in time, leading to episodes of incontinence.
Similarly, those with mobility issues - from medical conditions, limitations in physical activity, or advanced age - may simply not be able to move quickly enough to prevent the loss of urine until they reach a bathroom.
Physical impediments
Something as simple as an unfamiliar setting or a set of stairs can cause functional incontinence, as well as restrictive, tight, or intricate clothing that is slow to unzip or unfasten.
In the care home setting, it's been seen that dismissive or nonchalant responses from carers have led to an otherwise avoidable loss of urine.
All of this is to say that functional incontinence, though less widely discussed, is still a wide-ranging type of incontinence that requires a holistic perspective to understand and prevent.
What are the symptoms of incontinence?
The main symptom of urinary incontinence is the involuntary leakage of urine, but it can also easily lead to adverse effects on a person's physical and mental health.
A common symptom of incontinence is unexpected urine leakage during certain movements or exercises like:
- Coughing
- Sneezing
- Heavy lifting
Beyond this, many people tend to feel a pressing urgency to use the bathroom at seemingly random times, something that is associated with an overactive bladder and can lead to accidents.
Another common symptom associated with urinary incontinence involves the feeling of the bladder not being empty after using the toilet. This can lead to frequent bathroom trips, even if they're not all needed.
Managing functional incontinence
Functional incontinence can pose daily challenges to a person's life, causing disruption to routine and often leading to emotional distress. Fortunately, there are ways to adapt to and avoid this type of incontinence altogether.
Using incontinence products
One of the immediate solutions to managing functional incontinence is using incontinence products.
Ranging from absorbent pads to adult nappies, these are specifically designed to capture urine leakage so users can go about their daily activities with confidence, knowing they have an added layer of protection against unexpected incontinence episodes.
Adapting your immediate environment
As we know, one big reason for functional incontinence is being unable to reach a toilet in time. So, by making simple modifications to your living space, you can reduce the number of times that incontinence episodes occur. This includes making clear and accessible paths to the bathroom or installing grab bars or bedside commodes if mobility is more of an issue.
Bladder training
This is a proactive approach to managing functional incontinence and involves setting specific times to use the bathroom, gradually increasing the interval between trips. Over time, this can help with bladder capacity and control, reducing sudden urges and helping to better predict when you'll need to go.
Similarly, monitoring your fluid intake will help ensure you're always hydrated and on top of any possible sudden urges. Strengthening the bladder muscles through exercises can contribute to further improved control over time.
Taking charge of functional incontinence
Functional incontinence can feel like an overwhelming condition to navigate, but with the right strategies, knowledge, and support, it can become much more manageable. Those affected can continue to lead fulfilling lives, unencumbered by functional incontinence and the difficulties surrounding it.
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